Beowulf Essays (792 words) - Geats, Beowulf, English-language Films

Beowulf And Street Gangs We often think of the "Old English" time as an era filled with mighty pagan warriors gathered in a dark wooden room, drinking ale to celebrate their victory in a brutish bloody battle. Or maybe we picture brawny Vikings with dirty faces wearing animal skins while sailing in large wooden ships. You may even imagine the crude but lovable Hagar the Horrible from the popular comic strip. Regardless to which of these views you take, we always think of the "Old English" as a time far in the past. Even though we may not notice, the strong brutal men of this past era infiltrate our everyday lives. These barbaric warriors are found in our society as street gangs. Although they have different appearances, weapons, and transportation, these two civilizations conduct their lives in the same way. Street gangs are so prevalent that they are all over the media, appearing in films, music, and television. Although street gangsters and pagan warriors lived at very different times, both groups embody the same ideals: strength, violence, and loyalty to their group. In the "Old English" epic, Beowulf, the pagan warriors were proud of their physical strength and abilities. Beowulf himself was well-known for his great strength and prowess. These warriors were large men with great muscular power who won many battles with brute force. Many battles were fought with manual weapons, such as clubs or swords, that required great power from the arms. The strongest men, such as Beowulf, were the ones that were the subject of stories told in many lands. Similar to this, street gangsters are also quite proud of their strength and abilities. But their strength does not primarily come from physical attributes. Their strength is measured by the amount of weapons, money, and power they hold. The strongest man is not the one with the biggest muscles. He is the one with the most guns and the most influence over other gang members. Whereas Beowulf has remained a legend for years now, gang leaders come and go in a matter of months. Just as Beowulf longed to be a legend, street gangs also strive for that same notoriety, wanting to be well-known in many places. In Beowulf's time, most warriors were quite violent. They often engaged in battles with enemies until death, or with opponents until the end of the match. The pagan warriors are remembered as brutal, killing those necessary to protect their village or steal another's. They were also known to use violence to obtain riches or ships from other warriors. Similar to pirates, they used brute force to take what they wanted. Street gangs also use such violence. Whether it be to protect their property or members, or to steal from others, gangsters use various weapons to obtain what they want. Just as pagan warriors fought battles with rival villages, street gangs also engage in battles with rival gangs or sometimes with police. Gang violence can vary from street fights to drive-by shootings, often involving innocent victims. This horrible violence is evident in the media. It varies from gansta rap such as 2Pac or Dr. Dre, to movies such as New Jack City or Juice, and can even be seen in such TV shows as "New York Undercover" and "NYPD Blue". A less obvious example of gangs is in the new version of Romeo and Juliet. In this rendition of the old Shakespeare classic, the Capulets and Montagues are no longer just rival families, but now rival gangs who engage in tremendous violence against each other to keep the two lovers apart. But gang violence is also felt quite close to home. The guard for NC State's basketball team, Anthony Grundy, experienced gang- related violence, causing him to carry a gun to his high school in Louisville. Both gangs and pagan warriors found violence necessary to maintain individual and group status. A third similarity between these two societies is their loyalty to their groups. Beowulf fought for his kingdom and his fellow warriors. They were a group, a family of sorts, that stuck together for support, enjoyment, and love. Gangs also stick together for these reasons. Beowulf's loyalty ran so deep that he put his life on the line for his king many times, and eventually died for his kingdom. Similarly, gangsters are extremely loyal to their gangs and leaders. They remain members for life and are willing to sacrifice their lives for their fellow members. An example of this bond is a record company which is infamous for violence and gang-relations,

Analytical Essay on Native American Health Beginnings of Substance Abuse

Analytical Essay on Native American Health Beginnings of Substance Abuse Native American Heath issues predominantly stemmed from the beginning of western colonization. In the past Indians roamed free, before the interruption of western civilizations they suffered from diseases that were common to them. Because of the fact that the diseases were common to them their bodies had also built up immunity. In this paper I intent to discuss the coming of western civilization to Indian country and how this affected the health of Native Americans and in many ways incorporated drug and alcohol abuse. When westerners came they brought many things with them, some of the many things they brought with them were diseases, which Native Americans had no immunity. They also introduce alcohol, which was also new to Native Americans, and they also didn’t have as high a Torrance or understanding of the substance that westerners had, which resulted in alcoholism to many. â€Å"In 1892, sharp-dealing speculators had extracted a ninety-nine-year lease to Salamancea’s site from the headmen of the Senecas, whose reservation snakes along the narrow valley of the Allegheny River. The way they accomplished it was by sequestering the Senecas in a local hotel and lubricating them with alcohol until they agreed to sign.† (introduction Brodewich) In many early federal dealings alcohol was used to reach an agreement between the Native Americans and the westerners in an attempt for the westerners to achieve their objective, ownership of the land. When western settlers came they brought alcohol, which was new to the Native Americans, they didn’t know anything about the substance and didn’t have the high tolerance the western settlers had. Today it is suggested that alcoholism is a biological disease that is inherited, Native Americans are reluctant to adopt this thought because in their view they see it as an excuse or a way of saying there is no cure. Also with the coming of western settlers came diseases that such as chicken pox and measles. These diseases didn’t mean much To the western settlers, they had built up immunities to the many of the illnesses they brought, but for the native Americans these illnesses whipped out thousands. Other diseases that thrived through Native American culture were S.T.D’s among those were syphilis. After being transferred to reservations, and finding the land barren, many Indians could not farm. The area also did not have animals for the Native American to hunt for food. Many of the Native women were forced to sell their bodies to solder’s in order to get food to survive. This caused the wide spread of sexually transmitted diseases. Today certain diseases and conditions are known to affect the Native American population with more frequency and/or severity than other populations. It is important for Native Americans to be informed and educated on these issues so that they may better understand how these disease processes may alter or impact on their lives.

Should the government provide free public education to children of Essay - 1

Should the government provide free public education to children of illegal immigrants - Essay Example Arguably, every young individual has dreams for a better future, and this can only be achieved from education. In addition, the schools are aimed at prepare an active participant in the future of American society when such attain maturity. Though illegally within the country, the government should understand that they are part of the country. As such, illegal immigrants should be provided with knowledge and skills to avoid making them dependants. They might be a vital asset in the future. If ignored, the immigrants may even cause problems to the country such as committing crimes. These crimes may even affect their home countries to extend of destroying the relationship between the countries (Grandrath, 2011). A scholar once stated that if a society governance values individuals, believes in both education and children, then it should be ready to take care and educate each child in its area of jurisdiction. In American government’s case as a society, it should then be ready to fund the education of these illegal immigrants irrespective of their race and origin to better individual’s and the country’s future (Grandrath, 2011). Education usually acts as stepping-stone for many people and denial to the right for education may lead to destruction of people’s goals. ... Some may be talented in many aspects of benefit to the country. They maybe even grow up to become great people in power and bring a change in government, coming up with policies and rights favoring each person in that country. Obama tries to sensitize the people on t he importance of each person in the nation. From the president’s sensitization speech, we get to know how innocent and important these children are to the nation. Therefore, ignoring them will lead to many problems to the entire nation. For instance, their lives will be affected. Since the immigrants are eventually part of the United States nation, Lack of education translates to unemployment, which means the rate of poverty will increase. This eventually affects the lives of most parts of the nation. Some of the effects caused by poverty may include prostitution, which is a social crime (Grandrath, 2011). From these social crimes, problems like spread of diseases like HIV/Aids will erupt. These may lead to loss o f lives and decline in the economy. This is because funds will be set aside for treatment purposes. Further still, education is important in a nation irrespective of the individual being educated since it helps one gain knowledge and skills in different fields. Therefore, failure to educate these aliens may lead to insufficient specialists in different fields and inadequate labor in the country. Denying such individuals access to education means important labor force is left out. As a result, labor import, which is expensive more compared to when labor was readily available, might turn to be the solution. In essence, education helps boost the labor market and hence the economy at large through increased per capita income. Changes in the Dream Act have enabled

Roles that political parties and interest groups play in mobilizing Essay

Roles that political parties and interest groups play in mobilizing electoral participation in contemporary U.S. society - Essay Example There are other minor parties within the system such as the Libertarian Party and the Reform Party. For the past century, political parties have played an important role in resolving political conflicts in the US. Political parties play an important role to a democratic society such as the US. It is clear that legislative politics may not be steady without political parties. Therefore, if legislators wish to achieve something and those that want to push their policies can do so using a political party (Ginsberg et. al 69). Consequently, it can be stated that political parties facilitate efficiency within democratic organizations. It can be stated that political parties mobilize voters that have similar interests towards voting in a particular way. Political parties perform a couple of important functions. They pool together the demands and interests of the voters and channel them to the appropriate authorities. It is important to note that political parties approximate the citizens to the government. Political figures are elected into power through parties and therefore take advantage of the party label for reasons of strategic voting as well as information economization (Ginsberg et. al 123). The party candidates belongs to enables voters to make more informed decisions on how their leaders are likely to behave while elected in power. Since national parties are viewed as vehicles of political competition, a limited market is left for the candidates. It has become clear that voters make their decisions based on political parties instead of candidates as they are afraid of wasting their votes. This is what has been taking place in the US since the start of the democratic political system. Voters have never considerably changed their decisions with regards to the choice of parties. They have repetitively adhered to the two party system (de facto). Even if there have been some attempts to integrate other parties into the political system, most of them have

Critical appraisal of the business plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical appraisal of the business plan - Essay Example (Shane, 2003) Though I have a wide idea of the business market as far as importing and selling textile goods is concerned but I still have issues in grasping the finer details in this market. For example, I still have a hard time in distinguishing fabrics from South East Asian countries such as from Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. This may cause me to buy more expensive fabrics. The other key strength is my ability to regulate finances that I have sizable experience in by managing the finances for myself, my household and my uncle’s business at times. (Reynolds, 2007) I have a hard time grasping custom’s rules because I have paid little attention to them as yet but I would be able to deal with them given thorough study. My experience in working with foreign teams is also limited and I would have to sharpen up my cross cultural communication skills in order to make the business effort work. My business would be provided an opportunity to develop in limited com petition as the market is rebounding although the recovery is slow and may take another half a decade to become viable. I am targeting a market niche where market competition may not be as stiff either as I am not entering the mainstream market but a segregated portion of the textile market. (Ebbena & Johnson, 2006) However, my business venture is in dire threat due to shipping delays for any given reason. My study of the supply and demand in these products tells me that internal disturbances in the producing countries cause delayed shipments although this is not very frequent. However, every delayed shipment means that my rate of return on the investment would suffer considerably. The business sector also suffers from slowed consumer spending as mentioned earlier and this issue serves as a retardant while promoting opportunity too. (Duening et al., 2009) Most of these factors are derived from entrepreneurial traits I have developed over time as well as from a thorough study of the subject market. The targeted audience are middle income groups who are learning to increase their spending capabilities following the recent global economic crunch. This is augmented by the fact that the market was derided of small investors. Since this business model is moving into the space that the small investors left behind so there is a good chance for its workability. (Livingston, 2007) Hence, it is highly reasonable to expect that this business will grow into its niche and will garner the right kind of consumer base. Moreover, the resources needed to make this business model work are all SMART (specific, measurable, attainable and time bound). This ensures that the business is built on concrete ideas and on as little speculation as possible. (Entrerprise UK, 2011) I have a primary contact within the South East Asian manufacturing belt who is capable of getting goods manufactured to specification and shipped accordingly. Moreover, a storage area near the main display shop can easily be arranged given that such storage areas exist near markets and malls. A display area would be required to sell the product and such a retail area can well easily be located in a central shopping district. It would pay to have the business in as competitive and large a shopping district as possible but that would cost too much money for a business that is already dealing with decent finance levels. Most businesses fail in the longer run for want of finance and hiring a place that costs too much in terms of rent will more or less push the business into a state of insecurity in terms of finance. Moreover, it would be unreasonable to expe

Participation of children in football

Participation of children in football INTRODUCTION The purpose of this report is to provide information about the participation level of people of Scotland in Football. This report is based on the findings in the document from sportscotland: Sports Participation in Scotland 2007, Research Digest no. 108. Interviewing is done using the questions from the Scottish Opinion Survey (SOS) run by the TNS System Three. The results of the findings are based on interviewing about 1000 adults comprising approximately 480 men and 520 women and 250 children every month. This shows that there is a consistency in the sample size with age and sex of the people interviewed. Football has been one of the most popular and frequent participating sports among others both with children and adults of both sexes. This report will focus on a three year basis survey on the trends and the participation level in football. PARTICIPATION OF CHILDREN IN FOOTBALL Football has been the most popular sports with children (8-15 years) during the survey years. According to the survey 52% children have participated in football at least once a month between 2005 and 2007. Swimming is ranked second with a participation level of 37% only. PARTICIPATION OF CHILDREN BY SEX A more detailed approach can be made to explain the popularity of the sports considering the sex of the participants. With boys aged between 8 years and 15 years football has been the most popular sport with a very high participation level of 74.5%. Cycling is second to football with a participation level of only 36%. Popularity of the sport is considerably low with girls who are aged between 8 years and 15 years. Football participation is only 27% with girls of this age group who are more attracted to swimming (42.9%), cycling (34.8%) and dancing (31.1%). FREQUENCY OF PARTICIPATION WITH CHILDREN Frequency of participation refers to the average number of days participated in four weeks. With boys and girls aged between 8 years and 15 years the frequency has been calculated excluding the data from the peak months. The frequency of participation in football at least once a month for the three year period is 3.1 making it the most popular sport among the children. Average number of days participated in a month is 3.4 by boys of the age between 8 years and 15 years while with the girls of the same age group the number is 2.3. FOR CHILDREN FOOTBALL IS NOT A SEASONAL SPORT The findings show that participation of children in football remains the same all over the year both with boys and girls. Participation level in the peak months was found to be exactly the same as they were all over the year excluding the peak months. This suggests that football does not attract children only in the peak months. It is a sport where the children keep themselves engaged throughout a year hence not making it a seasonal sport. NATURE OF PARTICIPATION AMONG CHILDREN Participation in football has been in different forms. Children play their football in streets or gardens or wastelands where they are very relaxed and in a lesser competitive mood. They also participate in 11-a-side matches and 5-a-side indoor and outdoor matches. Majority of the children (34%) participating in the sport played in streets or gardens or wastelands the survey being done in peak months. Only 17% of them participate in 11-a-side games out of which 26% are boys and 6% are girls. Table 1: Participation of children (8-15 years) in different forms of the game by sex (at least once a month) 2005-07: peak months All % Boys % Girls % In street/garden/wasteland 34 49 17 11-a-side games 17 26 6 5-a-side games (all) 17 26 6 5-a-side games (outdoor) 13 20 4 5-a-side games (indoor) 8 11 4 Notes: Percentage of participation in football for children was 52. The figures in all participants column for street/garden/wasteland, 11-a-side games and 5-a-side games (all) sum up to 68, because of multiple participations. Similarly the figures of 5-a-side indoor and outdoor rows sum up to 21 instead of 17, because of multiple participations. This illustration holds true for the other columns also. Total participation for boys was 74% and for girls was 27%. PARTICIPATION OF CHILDREN THROUGH CLUB MEMBERSHIP Participation in football in less competitive levels has resulted in low club memberships (28%). 31% of boys who play football are members of a club while only 16% of girls playing football have a club membership. This shows that boys were around twice as likely as girls to be the member of a football club. TRENDS IN PARTICIPATION OF CHILDREN OVER THE LAST 10 YEARS (1998-2007) Looking at the trends in participation in football for children (8-15 years) over the past 10 years on a 3 year basis survey it can be concluded that there has been a gradual decrease in participation level but it has been always above 50% making the sport most popular among others over the years. PARTICIPATION OF ADULTS IN FOOTBALL When it comes to adults (16+), the results are based on surveys during the peak months and in the same time frame participation level in football (10%) is only second to swimming (16%). This decline in participation is understandable as participation in sport is strongly age-related. The survey shows that participation in some type of sport is 96% with children aging between 8 years and 11 years (excluding PE). This figure goes down to 29% with the over 55 category. PARTICIPATION OF ADULTS BY SEX Considering sex of participants, football has been the most popular sport with men with a participation level of 18.9%. Results show that football loses its popularity with adult women considerably and the participation level is as low as 2.3%. These results are based on participation in peak months. FREQUENCY OF PARTICIPATION WITH ADULTS The frequency of participation of adults in football during the peak months is 1.6 and has not been among the most frequent sports with the likes of cycling (3.8), horse riding (3.2), etc. The average number of days when adult men participated in football is 1.6 while the figure is 1.5 with women. NATURE OF PARTICIPATION AMONG ADULTS Adult men and women have played their football in the different forms of the game. They have played in the streets, gardens or wastelands. They also have participated in 11-a-side and 5-a-side games. Unlike children, adult men have taken part in more competitive games than those who have played in streets, gardens or wastelands. Women have very little participation in competitive games with less than 0.5% participating in 11-a-side games and only 1% in 5-a-side games. Table 2: Participation of adults (16+) in different forms of the game by gender (at least once a month) 2005-07: peak months All % Men % Women % In street/garden/wasteland 4 5 2 11-a-side games 3 6 * 5-a-side games (all) 6 13 1 5-a-side games (outdoor) 4 9 * 5-a-side games (indoor) 4 7 * Note: Percentage of participation in football for adults was 10. The figures in all participants column for street/garden/wasteland, 11-a-side games and 5-a-side games (all) sum up to 13, because of multiple participations. Similarly the figures of 5-a-side indoor and outdoor rows sum up to 8 instead of 6, because of multiple participations. This illustration holds true for the other columns also. Total participation for men was 19% and for girls was 2%. The asterisk (*) indicates less than 0.5% participation. PARTICIPATION OF ADULTS THROUGH CLUB MEMBERSHIP Percentage of adult football participants who are the members of a club is 25. 27% of male football participants have a club membership while only 6% of female who play football are club members. This shows that men are four and a half times more likely to take a club membership as are women. TRENDS IN PARTICIPATION OVER THE LAST 13 YEARS (1994-2007) The trends in participation in football for adults over the past 13 years on a three year basis survey show a good consistency with the participation level ranging between 9% and 11%. CONCLUSION Club membership has been low in football for both children between 8 years and 15 years and adults over 16 years. Only a quarter (25%) of the adult participants in football is club members while with children the figure is just above the quarter mark (28%). This is mainly due to the nature of the participation. Around two-thirds (49% of the 74%) of the number of boys aged between 8 years and 15 years have played their football in streets or gardens or wastelands throughout the year. A major portion of the girls participating in football (17% of the 27%) have played in the same form of the game. This might also be considered as a reason for the gradual decrease in the trend of participation in football among children. Children might be encouraged to become members of different clubs by organizing free coaching sessions once or twice a week round the year for club members. Other attractions may include more competitive football matches between clubs in different forms of the game to en sure maximum participation. This might also encourage them to continue with participation at an older age.

Sports Agents Essay -- History Athletics Sport Agent Essays

Sports Agents People have been entertained by sport since before the gladiators in the Roman Coliseum. In the 20th century, the publics’ passion for sport consumes more and more of their free time. As sports figures became internationally recognized, athletes began to realize their need for professional representation. Thus, sports agents were born. The field of sports agents has grown since then into an enormous field. Agents now deal with every aspect of an athlete’s life. Agents can be considered professional mangers who find the best place for their client’s talent. Sports Agents have not been around for a long time. â€Å"Until the 1970’s, very few players had agents because teams would not deal with agents (Masteralexis, 244).† Many times players found that having an agent was a disadvantage to them. For example, â€Å"In 1964 Jim Ringo brought his financial advisor (agent) to help negotiate a contract with Vince Lombardi of the Green Bay Packers. Lombardi excused himself for a minute, when he returned he told the agent that he was negotiating with the wrong team (Masteralexis, 244).† Agents had been around since prior to the 70’s, but were few and far between. C. C. â€Å"cash $ carry† Pyle is though to be the first Sports Agent. The first account of negotiations came when Pyle â€Å"Negotiated a deal with the Chicago Bears for Red Grange to earn $3,000 per game and $300,000 in endorsement and movie rights (Masteralexis, 244).† A few years later Babe Ruth allegedly consulted sports cartoonist Christy Walsh to serve as his financial consultant through the depression. These early accounts are the beginning of the Sports Agent. It took years for the agent to develop however.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Since the 1970’s the Sports Agency business has sky rocketed. There are five main factors that account for this. The reserve system is the first factor that lead to the growth of the Sports Agent. The reserve system was a restrictive system that limited the free, or open market. This enabled owners to retain rights to players and depress their salaries. Major League Baseball had the first system, which consisted of two parts, the reserve clause and the reserve list. The reserve clause stated that each player’s contract could be renewed by the team season after season, for as long as the club wished. The reserve list was sent to each team by the league. Teams had to place the names of r... ... sport, but is generally under five years. Therefore, it is the agent’s job to maximize earning potential during and after the athlete’s playing career. At the same time it is the agents job to protect the athlete from overexposure. â€Å"The agent must balance the need to maximize exposure with doing what is best personally and professionally for the athlete† (Masteralexis, 1998). This function also includes the agent investing time, energy, and money into the athlete’s career before the player has made it big. If the athlete’s career doesn’t take off, this results in the agent losing money. Dispute resolution follows career and post career planning on the list of functions. Dispute resolution is somewhat self-explanatory. It includes the agent resolving disputes with the league, team, teammates, fans, referees or umpires, the media, and endorsement companies. â€Å"Renowned baseball agent Dennis Gilbert likens the role of the agent to a shield, stating that it is the agent’s task to shield the athlete from the headaches that go along with resolving disputes† (Schwarz, 1996). This so called â€Å"shield† allows players to concentrate completely on their sport, without outside distractions.

Gender Stereotypes: Definition, Examples and Analysis Essay

â€Å"The sociological imagination allows us to identify the links between our personal lives and the larger social forces of life—to see that what is happening to us immediately is a minute point at which our personal lives and society intersect† (Hughes and Kroehler 2008). Many people ask what are gender roles or have different meanings on what are they, so what are gender roles? Gender roles in society means how we’re expected to act, speak, dress, groom, and conduct ourselves based upon out assigned sex (planned parenthood,2017) I know many people who are from other Hispanic countries that move to the United States and slowly change their ways of being, but one thing I never see a change of is gender roles. In my opinion, gender roles are both cultural and personal. The reason I say that is because I myself am Hispanic, and although I myself was born and raised here in the United States and there are still Hispanic roles that I see my family follow. For examp le, in Hispanic tradition traditionally the women are to cook and clean and carry their tradition and learnings to teach their daughters that their duties are to cook and clean as well, men are to work and fix things and they carry that over and teach their sons the same thing that they did growing up. Many people who are from other cultures also believe that women should not work, and they should be cooking or cleaning. People who think this way are taught to think like that since childhood, normally continue into adulthood. Another example of Gender role that I think every culture follows is parents letting their son stay out later, and do more things then they would let their daughter do. Parents typically think that because their son is a male they are more likely to be safer in the streets then a female, but in reality, if you think about it both male and female are at risk of something happening to them at any time throughout their life no matter what gender they are. The biggest gender role that is common in the world is women being empathetic and men being masculine. Many people think that the women are the weaker link, and men are the strong ones. Although it may seem like that, that is not the case. Men just tend to hide and hold in their feelings longer than women. Both men and women are equally empathetic.society have come to the conclusion that men are to be one way and women are to be another way. society has these are ideal gender roles, but all these ideal gender roles affect people in a d ifferent way. From school, and work, and just to being out in public. Gender role has many expectations when it comes to male and female roles which have caused a negative effect on both men and women and just society itself. Gender roles will always be a part of society, and it will always cause a negative effect on this generation and even future generations.

Poster movements essays

Poster movements essays This art form appeared in the early 20th century as a result of the Russian Revolution and grew a tremendous amount during the 1920s and 1930s. Founded in1917 in Russia by sculptor Antoine Pevsner and his younger brother Naum Pevsner Gabo, they believed that art should be functional and include materials and technology that are new to the market. All the people who eventually succeeded in this art form, where either forced into exile or imprisoned. Although Constructivism was primarily based on sculpting, posters also became and important aspect of Constructivism. Angular lines and abstract shapes mostly characterized them; the colors were usually strictly limited with black, white and red. Most were produced using mechanical printing techniques, with elements taken from architecture and photography. All Constructivism posters have a political undertone; they also by the use of modern typography and photomontage effects would reflect the designers interest in Cubism and other contemp orary European artistic movements. Some of the most important Constructivism poster designers include writer and thinker Alexander Rodchenko, Vladimir Mayakovskyii, Kazimir Malevich and George and Vladimir Stenberg who developed posters for the Russian film industry. Germany was the site of the most Constructivism activity outside the Soviet Union, especially as home to Walter Gropiuss Bauhaus, a progressive art and design school sympathetic to the movement, but Constructivism ideas where also carried to other art centers, like Paris, London, and eventually the United States. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, material came out in large quantities both legally and illegally; the condition of these posters is often very poor, because very few have been looked after. I believe the poster I chose is a good example of Constructivism because first of all it has forms with angular shapes and abstract shapes, as I also stated earl...

Free Essays on Violence

What Makes Children Turn to Violence? School violence is a tremendous problem facing today ¡Ã‚ ¦s youth. There are many factors that can contribute to violent actions in schools. Some are child abuse, violence in the home, poverty, easy access to guns, violence in television, and drug and alcohol abuse. The major cause of violence is none of the above, but harassment from others. Many people feel as if they need to result to violence as a result of these negative influences they have received from others as they were growing up. Some people claim that it is the parent ¡Ã‚ ¦s responsibility to make sure that their children are disciplined, but that is not always the case. Those troubled children feel as if they need to release the bottled up emotions that they have felt, so violence towards others seems to be the only method of escape for them from the derogatory implications from others. In high school, many forms of harassment are noticed. Verbal Harassment is the one that is mo st common. It is a highly influential method of convincing others that they are inferior. People feel that they are less of a person just because of what other say to them. But these  ¡Ã‚ §put-downs ¡Ã‚ ¨ can be very effective in making someone feel terrible about themselves. The people who torment others are commonly referred to as bullies. They have a tendency to degrade others either by forms such as name calling, teasing, threatening, hitting, or stealing. Bullying is a major problem that has many negative effects on the wellbeing of students and on their right to learn in a safe environment.  ¡Ã‚ §Bullying can also have negative lifelong consequences ¡Xboth for students who bully and for their victims. Studies have established Parker, 2 that approximately 15 percent of students are either bullied regularly or are initiators of bullying behavior. Direct bullying seems to increase through the elementary school years, peak in the middle school/junior high school years, ... Free Essays on Violence Free Essays on Violence Children Who Witness Domestic Violence: The Invisible Victims Children today are likely to experience or witness violence at home. Researchers are concerned about the effect domestic violence has on children, and has prompted researchers to conduct an increasing number of investigations into this issue. Social learning theory and Erikson's theory of basic trust are two tools used to predict aggressive behavior in children. Children develop their basic sense of trust at very early age. If the child proceeds through this stage with the proper support, they will learn to trust others. Otherwise, if the parents are violent, abusive, or the environment they grow up in is not safe, and then they will lack that inherent trust in others. Later in life, these individuals may become either criminals or the victims of the violence. Over the past half century, violence in the United States has increased dramatically. Children who were raised in a tough, low-income neighborhood often fail to escape exposure to violence. They may witness homicides, assaults, and some may even have had a friend who had been killed. According to recent research, these children have higher violence rates than those kids who grew up in a non-violent neighborhood. Today, children are likely to experience or witness violence in the home. With domestic violence being the most frequent type of violent crime, a child's homes is no longer a safe haven. Statistics show that domestic violence is the major cause of injuries to women; their husbands or lovers kill one third of all women murdered in United States. Unfortunately, a number of these cases occur in the presence of children. These children often show signs of emotional distress and immature behavior at a very young age. These symptoms might affect their behavior throughout their adol escent and adult lives. Most experts believe that children, who are raised in abusive homes, learn that violence is an effective way ... Free Essays on Violence The Impact on Media Violence The Impact of Media Violence â€Å"Monkey see, monkey do† has become a well-known saying in today’s society, but is it correct? Just sixty years ago the invention of the television was viewed as a technological curiosity with black and white ghost-like figures on a screen so small hardly anyone could see them. Today that curiosity has become a constant companion to many, mainly children. From reporting the news and persuading us to buy certain products, to providing programs that depict violence, television has all but replaced written material. Unfortunately, it is these violent programs that are endangering our present-day society. Violent images on television, as well as in the movies, have inspired people to set spouses on fire in their beds, lie down in the middle of highways, extort money by placing bombs in airplanes, rape, steal, murder, and commit numerous other shootings and assaults. Over 1,000 case studies have proven that media violence can have negative af fects on children as well. It increases aggressiveness and anti-social behavior, makes them less sensitive to violence and to victims of violence, and it increases their appetite for more violence in entertainment and in real life. Media violence is especially damaging to young children, age 8 and under1, because they cannot tell the difference between real life and fantasy. Violent images on television and in movies may seem real to these children and sometimes viewing these images can even traumatize them. Despite the negative effects media violence has been known to generate, no drastic changes have been made to deal with this problem that seems to be getting worse. We, as a whole, have glorified this violence so much that movies such as â€Å"Natural Born Killers† and television shows such as â€Å"Mighty Morphin Power Rangers† are viewed as normal, everyday entertainment. It’s even rare now to find a children’s cartoon that does not ... Free Essays on Violence In today’s society our children are attracted to violence no matter were it is being presented. Violence today is affecting our children of tomorrow making them more dangerous as they are growing up. The question is how is this violence accruing and how do we reduce to amount of violence that’s is being presented? Ellen Goodman, writer of â€Å"How to Zap Violence on TV† and Mike Males writer of â€Å"Public Enemy Number One?† have contrasting views on the subject. Violence is a problem that is discussed in both articles. Goodman believes that TV violence is the cause for this behavior. She states that children see that there are few consequences to the person that commits a violent act on television. But on the other hand, Males believes that TV violence is not the only cause for, but the media as well. He states that media violence accounts for 1 to 5 percent of all violence in society. In â€Å"How to Zap Violence on TV† Goodman talks about the effects that TV violence has on children and teenagers. She believes that violence turns out to do a lot of harm when it looks harmless. In a 73 percent of the scene violence was unpunished. Then 53 percent showed no pain, and 16 percent showed long-term problems. However Males talks about the media studies, the findings of the avalanche of research are consistent: child poverty, abuse and neglect underlie every major social problem the nation faces. On addition to that, two million American children are violently injured, sexually abused, or neglected every year by adults who age averages according to the Denver based American Humane Association. How do we gain control over the situation? In the article by Goodman, she writes that the V-chip, the device created to help put a block on violence on TV would not be enough to control the situation. The real problem in the television industry is a creative block. A quote by Donnerstein says, â€Å"Were showing children violence that goes unpuni... Free Essays on Violence What Makes Children Turn to Violence? School violence is a tremendous problem facing today ¡Ã‚ ¦s youth. There are many factors that can contribute to violent actions in schools. Some are child abuse, violence in the home, poverty, easy access to guns, violence in television, and drug and alcohol abuse. The major cause of violence is none of the above, but harassment from others. Many people feel as if they need to result to violence as a result of these negative influences they have received from others as they were growing up. Some people claim that it is the parent ¡Ã‚ ¦s responsibility to make sure that their children are disciplined, but that is not always the case. Those troubled children feel as if they need to release the bottled up emotions that they have felt, so violence towards others seems to be the only method of escape for them from the derogatory implications from others. In high school, many forms of harassment are noticed. Verbal Harassment is the one that is mo st common. It is a highly influential method of convincing others that they are inferior. People feel that they are less of a person just because of what other say to them. But these  ¡Ã‚ §put-downs ¡Ã‚ ¨ can be very effective in making someone feel terrible about themselves. The people who torment others are commonly referred to as bullies. They have a tendency to degrade others either by forms such as name calling, teasing, threatening, hitting, or stealing. Bullying is a major problem that has many negative effects on the wellbeing of students and on their right to learn in a safe environment.  ¡Ã‚ §Bullying can also have negative lifelong consequences ¡Xboth for students who bully and for their victims. Studies have established Parker, 2 that approximately 15 percent of students are either bullied regularly or are initiators of bullying behavior. Direct bullying seems to increase through the elementary school years, peak in the middle school/junior high school years, ... Free Essays on Violence Pop, Bang! When I had just heard it, I didn’t think too much of what it might be. I was thinking, â€Å"Why is someone doing fireworks in the middle of the day?† BANG BANG! What is that noise? It’s getting louder. Where’s my brother? When is he getting home? I hope he has the keys because I forgot mine in the house. I saw my brother walking slowly down the street. â€Å"Matthew,† I called, â€Å"hurry up and open the door!† He must have seen the fear in my face because his innocent smile quickly disappeared. Screeching tires come around the corner; I see two cars racing down the street. â€Å"MATTHEW GET OUT OF THE WAY!† I grab my brother and pull him to safety. â€Å"Get down†¦GET DOWN!† As my brother and I crouched behind a car, questions raced through my mind, and I burned for some answers. How can this be happening to us? This is my neighborhood, and it is suppose to be safe! CRASH! BANG BANG! Oh my God! That’s b een the noise I heard. It was the bullets from a gun. I finally understood that there was an actual drive-by-shooting on my street, again. Why can’t these jerks just get over it! The fact is neighborhoods across the nation are afflicted with these dangerous, even deadly, crimes. This unwanted experience was a wake up call for me in that I realized how big a problem violence in America actually is. Unfortunately, violent acts are not confined to drive-by-shootings. Every time there is a conflict among youth in America it involves some type of weapon and especially guns. Alcohol, growing up in a violent home, and access to guns are some main reasons why youth are solving their anger with violence. Violence is a major issue here in America and an obvious cause of violence is because of alcohol. Alcohol today is more than just a problem among adults, but it has become a problem among teens. During the past ten years we had witnessed a steady decline in the number of alcohol-related motor vehicle deaths in the youth popul... Free Essays on Violence Pornography as Violence against Women â€Å"Pornography is central in creating and maintaining the civil inequality of the sexes. Pornography is a systematic practice of exploitation and subordination based on sex which differentially harms women..." Andrea Dworkin and Catharine A. MacKinnon Pornography is an industry growing at a rapid rate. As its audience expands its consumers are getting younger and younger. I have always been against pornography for a variety of reasons. I now have one new reason. My nine-year-old cousin just got the internet on his computer. The first website he went to was Hooters.com. I had to listen to him talk about the â€Å"hot babes† in bikinis on the site and how he can’t wait until he is old enough to go to Hooters. He wants to marry a Hooters girl because she is a hot babe. If this isn’t testimony to the damage that pornography has on young minds I don’t know what is. Several of these bikini-clad women were printed out on his new color printer. His father commented on the quality of the color. I was appalled. I waited for my aunt to take his computer privileges away or at least shut down the site. She didn’t. How do I explain to this nine year old wrongs of his actions, and is it my place to do so? What’s going to happen when he discovers the other sites with scantily clad women? I fear for this. Some may ask, â€Å"Why is this so damaging?† He is young and curious, a â€Å"boys will be boys† kind of notion. Before I can answer that question I want to show the correlation between pornography and violence against women. I want to expose pornography as abusive to women. I think then that the question will answer itself. I think it is appropriate to first define pornography before I continue. The American Heritage Desk Dictionary defines pornography as written or pictorial matter intended to arouse sexual feelings. This definition gives an erotic, innocent explanation to p...

Audit Sampling Case Memo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Audit Sampling Case Memo - Essay Example : (1) the existence of the inventory; (2) the rights or obligations of inventory; (3) the completeness of the inventory as stated in the balance sheet; (4) the valuation of inventory on hand, and whether it is presented according to GAAP along with (5) the presentation or disclosure of inventories in the financial statements (Whittington & Pany, 2006). RF= the reliability factor for the specified risk of incorrect acceptance. This is taken from figure 13-5 in Boynton & Johnson (2010), and for a risk of incorrect acceptance of 37% as listed, the reliability factor is 1.0. EF= the expansion factor for anticipated misstatement. This is obtained from figure 13-6 in Boynton & Johnson (2010). With a risk of incorrect acceptance at 37%, the expansion factor is given as 1.15. In Boynton & Johnson (2010), the risk of incorrect acceptance is listed at 37%. There are scenarios that would explain why 37% is chosen instead of higher or lower percentages. An important element mentioned by Whittington & Pany (2006) is the level of overall audit risk. Audit risk is based on the following formula: Audit risk (AR) is the overall allowable audit risk that a material misstatement will remain undetected. Inherent risk (IR) is a risk of a material misstatement in the financial statements, assuming a company had no internal controls. Control risk (CR) is the risk that a material misstatement could occur in an assertion and will not be detected by internal control. Detection risk (DR) is the risk that the auditors’ substantive testing will not find a material misstatement (Whittington & Pany, 2006). The setting of the risk of incorrect acceptance at 37% is not an exact science. If circumstances arise where auditors place inherent risk and control risk at high levels, and do not engage in other tests of the balance assertion, then the risk of incorrect acceptance would have to be set at a low level. However if a decrease in inherent risk or control risk occurs, then a

The of T.S. Eliot on Derek Walcott & Edward (Kamu) Brathwaite.Charles Essay

The of T.S. Eliot on Derek Walcott & Edward (Kamu) Brathwaite.Charles E - Essay Example To meet Pound and get introduced to Yeats Eliot emigrated to London. Here Bathwaite and Walcott overheard the conversation in which Eliot learnt about the relationship between poetry and speech, live by the technology called phonograph. Brathwaite came to hear "Eliot's actual voice - or rather his recorded voice property of the British Council (Barbados)", it gave a "poetic breakthrough" which he memorized where Eliot read "The Love song of the J.Alfred Prufrock", The Waste Land, and later the Four Quartets" (History of the Voice). Walcott lists that one of his most noteworthy memories of the adolescence (Leaving School) is "the Eliot's recording of the Four Quartets". For Brathwaite and Walcot listening to Eliot is equivalent to reading his texts by which their ability to understand the relationship of poetry to speech has developed. For Brathwaite and Walcott the question of language is as important as the tradition.